Abstract
Our study demonstrates the potential of the CVR strategy for establishing native receptor-independent infection models, providing a tool for studying viruses that lack known susceptible target cells.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful for the funding support from the Basic Science Center Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (32188101 to H.Y.), National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC2605500 to Z.-L.S. and H.Y.), NSFC Excellent Young Scientists Fund (82322041 to H.Y.), other NSFC projects (32270164, 32070160 to H.Y., 323B2006 to C.-B.M. and 32300141 to H.G.), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042023kf0191 and 2042022kf1188 to H.Y.), and Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFA015 to H.Y.), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M733708 to H.G.). This study was also supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P01AI167966, DP1AI158186 and 75N93022C00036 to D.V.), an Investigators in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease Awards from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund (D.V.), the University of Washington Arnold and Mabel Beckman CryoEM center and the National Institute of Health grant S10OD032290 (to D.V.). D.V. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Hans Neurath Endowed Chair in Biochemistry at the University of Washington. The authors thank X.-X. Wang for providing the human sera collected post-vaccination (SARS-CoV-2 CoronaVac, Sinovac) and collected by Beijing Youan Hospital (approval number LL-2021-042-K); K. Cai for providing sera collected from Wuhan COVID-19 convalescents (identification number 2021-012-01); Z.-H. Qian for providing BANAL-20-52 related spike-expressing plasmids; L. Lu for providing EK1-related peptides; P. Zhang and B.-C. Xu for their help with the ultracentrifugation and electron microscopic analysis; Y.-J. Li for assisting in establishing the yeast cloning methods; Y. Chen for providing the MHV-A59 strain; C.-G Wu for assissting in isolating the HKU5_PaGD2014/15 stain; Q. Ding for providing the SARS-CoV-2 (ΔN-GFP) reverse genetics related plasmids; and K. Lan and the ABSL-3 facility and other core facilities of the Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University.
Author information
H.Y., Z.-L.S. and D.V. obtained funding to support this study. H.Y. supervised the project.
Authors and Affiliations
State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Huan YAN
Ethics declarations
Competing interests: H.Y. has submitted a patent application to the China National Intellectual Property Administration for the utilization of artificial viral receptors and their applications.
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* We keep cooperating, ignoring the chaos *
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